Síntomas gastrointestinales en la enfermedad por COVID-19 y sus implicaciones en enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal
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https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.532Palabras clave:
SARS virus, enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal, covid 19, inmunosupresión, heces, tracto gastrointestinalResumen
La pandemia por SARS-Cov-2, ha tomado gran relevancia por su impacto en los diversos sistemas de salud en el mundo. Inicialmente solo se contemplaba la importancia de los síntomas respiratorios y la fiebre; sin embargo, a diario tenemos más reportes y publicaciones sobre la relevancia que está teniendo en el sistema digestivo, ya que algunos pacientes informan síntomas gastrointestinales como diarrea, vómito y dolor abdominal. Los estudios han identificado el ARN del SARS-CoV-2 en muestras de heces de pacientes infectados, en las que se encontró que su receptor que es el de la enzima convertidora de angiotensina 2 (ECA2) se expresaba altamente en las células epiteliales gastrointestinales. Esto sugiere que el SARS-CoV-2 puede infectar activamente y replicarse en el tracto gastrointestinal. Esto tiene implicaciones importantes para el tratamiento de la enfermedad, la transmisión y el control de infecciones. En pacientes con patologías crónicas como la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII), se han generado gran cantidad de preguntas e incertidumbres ante la presencia de COVID-19 junto con las implicaciones que pueden tener tanto en la severidad de los síntomas, como en la descompensación de la patología de base y en la continuidad del tratamiento inmunosupresor.
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