Seroprotection for Hepatitis B after Three Doses of Vaccine in Colombian HIV Patients under the Age of 18
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.23Keywords:
Hepatitis B, HIV infection, seroprotection, childrenAbstract
Introduction: Seroprotection against hepatitis B is defined as anti-hepatitis B surface antigen titer ≥ 10 IU/L), but in children with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) this is low.
Objective: The objective of this study was to establish SP against HBV and potential associated factors in children with HIV in Cali, Colombia.
Methodology: This is a study of seroprotection against HBV in 85 children under 18 years of age after receiving three doses of vaccine. Clinical, paraclinical, environmental and sociodemographic variables were
considered. Statistical analysis included estimation of proportion per occurrence, 95% confidence intervals, percentages, means, standard deviations, and univariate analysis between variable exposure and effect.
Confounding factors were evaluated with 2x2 contingency tables and estimation of odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals. The Chi2 test was used with significance of p <0.05. The multivariate model used backward elimination. Variables with p> 0.10 were eliminated by likelihood-ratio test.
Results: SP was 35.3% (95% CI: 25.2 to 46.4, n = 30) in children with a mean age of 101 ± 44 months. Patients were predominantly female
gender and mixed race and had Stage C HIV (according to US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) standards). Average treatment time was 5 years. No relationship was found between the time between
the first, second and third doses of vaccine and SP, nor among diagnosis, time of vaccination, and SP. The multivariate model showed an association of SP with the temporal relationship between start of treatment (0-3 years), last dose of vaccination (OR = 4.3, 95% CI: 0.96 to 19.23; p = 0.05) and more than three years after starting treatment (OR = 9.69, 95% CI: 2.37 to 39.5; p = 0.00).
Conclusion: The prevalence of SP was 35.3%, with a possible risk factor associated with the temporal relationship between onset of treatment and time of the last dose of vaccine.
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