Anal canal lymphoma: Case report and literature review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.777Keywords:
Anal lymphoma, Plamablastic lymphoma, Colorectal cancer, Anorectal cancerAbstract
Introduction: Primary tumors of the anal canal other than carcinomas are rare entities; among them, anal canal lymphomas are extremely unusual and pose both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the coloproctologist.
Case presentation: A male patient with positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with proctalgia and mass sensation at the perianal level. A concentric thickening of the walls of the lower rectum was documented by magnetic resonance imaging, with colonoscopy and biopsies with histopathology compatible with plasmablastic lymphoma. Therefore, a diverting colostomy was performed and, subsequently, the hematology service indicated chemotherapy with the EPOCH scheme.
Discussion: Lymphoma of the anus represents 0.2 % of anorectal tumors, most of these are non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas; Hodgkin’s disease at the anorectal level is even rarer. The population with the highest risk of this entity is HIV-positive patients, such as the patient in this case, although other associated factors are described in the literature.
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