Characteristics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease compared to other National Centers in Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.752Keywords:
Inflammatory bowel disease, Colombia, Ulcertaive colitis, Crohn's disease, PhenotypeAbstract
Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated disease whose incidence in Latin America has increased in recent years.
Aim: To analyze the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients with IBD treated in a university hospital and present the epidemiological data compared to other centers in Colombia.
Patients and methods: Descriptive study of patients with IBD (1996-2019) at the Hospital Universitario Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá. Analysis of data from centers in Medellín, Cali, Bogotá, and Cartagena.
Results: Of 386 patients, 277 presented with ulcerative colitis (UC), 102 with Crohn’s disease (CD), and seven with unclassifiable colitis. IBD was more frequent in women (53 %). Mortality was less than 1 %. The involvement of UC was mainly pancolitis (42.6 %). The greater the extent of the disease, the higher the hospitalization and surgery rates (OR 3.70, P < 0.01). Thirteen percent of patients with UC received biologics. Compromise due to CD was mainly ileocolonic (43.6 %) and ileal (43.6 %). The predominant clinical pattern of CD was structuring (50%). Forty-five percent received biologicals and 56 % surgery. Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) was found in 4 % of patients (n = 15). Two patients with PSC developed colorectal cancer (OR 4.18; p 0.008), while 13 patients with UC developed colon cancer and seven dysplastic changes. Three patients with CD developed colon cancer.
Conclusions: The results were compared to other reference centers. We found similar trends in the clinical behavior and treatment of IBD, with higher hospitalization and surgery rates in our cases.
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