Incidence and Survival of Digestive Tract Cancer Detected by Endoscopy with Histological Confirmation in a High-Risk Region of Colombia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.1292Keywords:
Endoscopy, Cytopathology, Signs and Symptoms, Gastrointestinal neoplasms, survival analysisAbstract
Introduction: Cancers of the digestive tract are among the leading causes of mortality from non-communicable chronic diseases, both in Colombia and worldwide. These malignancies are often asymptomatic in their early stages, which significantly impacts survival rates and poses a major public health challenge. This study aimed to analyze survival rates following histopathological confirmation of digestive tract neoplasms detected through endoscopy at a regional referral center.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, reviewing biopsy results from endoscopies and colonoscopies performed between 2018 and 2020. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed, and survival rates were assessed using the Kaplan-Meier method and the Log-Rank test.
Results: A total of 133 cases of gastrointestinal neoplasms were identified: 66.1% in the stomach (n = 88), 23.3% in the colon (n = 31), and 10.6% in the esophagus (n = 14). The median age was 66.7 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 59–79), with a predominance of male patients. Follow-up data showed a median survival of five months from diagnosis to death, with a maximum survival of 2.3 years.
Conclusion: The majority of patients diagnosed with digestive tract cancer at the regional referral center were male and presented with advanced-stage disease, as reflected in the short survival times observed.
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