Comorbidities of Irritable Bowel Syndrome in Colombia: Analysis of Data from the Ministry of Health
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.1289Keywords:
Irritable bowel syndrome, comorbidity, fibromyalgia, mental disorders, gastrointestinal microbiomeAbstract
Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional disorder of the gastrointestinal tract, characterized by altered bowel habits associated with chronic abdominal pain. In this context, a descriptive study was conducted using the Individual Health Service Provision Records (Registros Individuales de Prestación de Servicios de Salud – RIPS), the official healthcare services database from the Ministry of Health of Colombia. ICD-10 codes K580 (irritable bowel with diarrhea) and K589 (irritable bowel without diarrhea) were used to identify all registered patients between 2018 and 2022. Prevalence ratios of selected comorbidities described in the literature were calculated and compared to individuals without that diagnosis, stratified by age and sex. Our findings indicate a lower overall prevalence in Colombia (2.7%) compared to previously reported figures, with a female-to-male ratio of 2.2. Diagnoses such as fibromyalgia, depression, anxiety, polycystic ovary syndrome, migraine, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder were found to be more prevalent in patients with IBS. Fibromyalgia had the highest prevalence ratio, with IBS patients being seven times more likely to receive this diagnosis, while schizophrenia had the lowest, with a 36% higher prevalence among IBS patients. The literature highlights shared pathophysiological pathways, including alterations in the gut microbiome, neurotransmitter metabolism, intestinal permeability, a pro-inflammatory gut environment, and neuronal sensitization. These findings underscore the increased risk of developing these comorbidities among individuals with IBS and highlight the need for further research in this area.
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