Morbidity and Mortality in COVID-19 Patients With and Without Gastrointestinal Symptoms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.1051Keywords:
COVID 19, Clinical symptoms, Intensive Care Unit, Mechanical Ventilation, Mortality, Bacterial InfectionsAbstract
Objective: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes a wide range of symptoms, including gastrointestinal manifestations such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. This study aimed to evaluate whether the presence or absence of these gastrointestinal symptoms could be associated with more severe disease progression, defined as death, the need for intensive care unit (ICU) management, mechanical ventilation, or bacterial coinfection.
Patients and Methods: An analytical observational cohort study was conducted with confirmed COVID-19 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and a comparison group without gastrointestinal symptoms. Patients included were over 18 years old, presented with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19, and had the diagnosis confirmed by a polymerase chain reaction test.
Results: A total of 414 patients who met the selection criteria were analyzed, and it was found that mortality was influenced only by age, while mechanical ventilation and the need for ICU management were related to liver function profile. However, no difference in severity was found between patients with gastrointestinal symptoms and those without.
Conclusions: Gastrointestinal symptoms alone do not represent a risk for the progression of SARS-CoV-2 disease, however, levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and direct bilirubin (DB) should be included in the initial assessment of these patients, as they provide prognostic value according to the results of our study.
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