Guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la enfermedad de Crohn en población adulta
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.637Palabras clave:
Enfermedad de Crohn, comportamiento, extensión, cicatrización mucosa, terapia biológica, Crohn perianal, Crohn postquirúrgicoResumen
Objetivo: La enfermedad de Crohn es un trastorno inflamatorio idiopático de etiología desconocida con características genéticas, inmunológicas e influencias del medio ambiente. La incidencia y prevalencia de la enfermedad de Crohn ha aumentado en Colombia. El tratamiento de estos pacientes no es fácil y ha evolucionado en los últimos años, por lo tanto, es necesario desarrollar una Guía de práctica clínica en Colombia, orientada al tratamiento de esta compleja enfermedad para unificar criterios.
Materiales y métodos: Esta guía fue desarrollada por un equipo multidisciplinario con apoyo de la Asociación Colombiana de Gastroenterología, el Grupo Cochrane ITS y el Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Se desarrollaron preguntas clínicas relevantes a la entidad y se realizó la búsqueda de guías nacionales e internacionales en bases de datos especializadas. Las guías existentes fueron evaluadas en términos de calidad y aplicabilidad. El Grupo Cochrane realizó la búsqueda sistemática de la literatura. Las tablas de evidencia y recomendaciones fueron realizadas usando la metodología GRADE.
Resultados: Se realizó una Guía de práctica clínica basada en la evidencia, para el tratamiento tanto médico como quirúrgico de la enfermedad de Crohn en población adulta en Colombia. Se diseñaron algoritmos de manejo, teniendo en cuenta la actividad, el comportamiento y la localización de la enfermedad.
Conclusiones: Se estableció que una adecuada evaluación clínica, endoscópica e imagenológica, así como una estratificación de riesgo individual, es importante para el manejo, y se especificaron las indicaciones para el adecuado tratamiento tanto médico como quirúrgico de estos pacientes.
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