Epigenética del cáncer colorrectal
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.229Palabras clave:
Cáncer colorrectal, epigenética, metilación del ADN, genes de reparación, genes supresores de tumorResumen
El cáncer colorrectal (CCR) es una enfermedad con una amplia distribución geográfica, que afecta millones de personas en el mundo. Esta neoplasia se presenta de manera esporádica en el 80% de los casos, el porcentaje restante tiene una historia familiar. Las alteraciones epigenéticas, como la metilación del ADN, modificación de las histonas y los RNA no codificantes, están involucrados en el desarrollo de esta enfermedad. En la actualidad, estas alteraciones, tienen un potencial valioso como biomarcadores para la detección temprana del CCR, y se considera que podrían ser útiles para el diagnóstico y pronóstico de los individuos con CCR. El propósito de esta revisión es describir los principales mecanismos epigenéticos involucrados con el cáncer colorrectal, los cuales tienen una función importante en el desarrollo y progresión de la enfermedad.
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