Hepatic Hydatidosis with Abdominal Wall Invasion: Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Hepatic hydatidosis is a zoonotic disease caused by the parasite Echinococcus granulosus. It is often asymptomatic and carries a significant disease burden in developing countries.

Case Report: We present the case of a 66-year-old woman with pain, a palpable mass, and inflammatory symptoms in the right hypochondrium. Initial laboratory tests were normal, and physical examinations revealed hepatomegaly. Subsequent ultrasound imaging showed cystic liver lesions, and CT scan confirmed collections in the liver and peritoneal cavity. Hepatic hydatidosis was suspected, and medical treatment was initiated. However, the clinical course was unfavorable due to cyst rupture into the peritoneal cavity. During surgery, multiple cysts involving the liver and abdominal wall were identified. The patient showed favorable postoperative progress and was discharged to continue oral antiparasitic therapy on an outpatient basis. Histopathological analysis revealed a germinal membrane, proliferative capsule, and ruptured E. granulosus scolices.

Discussion: Echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease with public health impact in developing countries. It may form cysts in solid organs such as the liver. Clinical presentation varies depending on the location, ranging from asymptomatic cases to systemic involvement. Diagnosis relies on imaging studies, and treatment typically involves anthelmintic therapy and, in some cases, complex surgical procedures.

Conclusion: Hepatic hydatidosis is a parasitic zoonosis that may become complicated by invasion of adjacent organs, requiring comprehensive management by appropriately trained medical personnel.