Asociación del síndrome de ovario poliquístico e hígado graso en mujeres: revisión de la literatura
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https://doi.org/10.22516/25007440.1238Palabras clave:
Enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico, síndrome del ovario poliquístico, resistencia a la insulina, obesidad, hiperandrogenismoResumen
Introducción: el hígado graso no alcohólico (HGNA) es una enfermedad multisistémica con un espectro de presentación que inicia con la esteatosis simple seguida de esteatohepatitis no alcohólica, y puede progresar hasta fibrosis. Su prevalencia en mujeres con síndrome de ovario poliquístico (SOP) varía entre el 34% y el 70%, lo que se explica fisiopatológicamente por la resistencia a la insulina, la obesidad, el hiperandrogenismo y otros factores. Actualmente, no existe un tratamiento aprobado para ninguna de estas dos entidades; por lo tanto, el manejo debe basarse en modificaciones del estilo de vida, incluida una alimentación adecuada, pérdida de peso y ejercicio, ya sea como medidas aisladas o en combinación con terapia farmacológica.
Materiales y métodos: este artículo revisó la evidencia actual sobre la asociación entre hígado graso y SOP. Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica utilizando términos DeCS y MeSH en español e inglés, abarcando estudios publicados desde 2014 hasta la fecha.
Conclusión: se recomienda que todas las mujeres con SOP sean sometidas a una evaluación de la función hepática y estudios de imagen (ecografía y elastografía) para el diagnóstico de HGNA.
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